HUMAN DEVELOPMENT & LEARNING Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT & LEARNING - demonstrate ExampleIn terms of psychology, there be many different theories in the sub tally of Human Growth and Development in that each theory may describe part of a construct well, but may not necessarily address every single problem and component. cognitive development theory deals with, how as children, we develop different ways of thinking. This can vary from the way in which we learn to our perceptions of people and the milieu. Because each individual is unique in the way in which they develop cognitively, psychologists attain had a difficult time tailoring theories to get very specific on cognitive development. The premier(prenominal) psychologist to develop a theory on cognitive development theory was Jean Piaget. One of the biggest issues argued in terms of cognitive development theory is the debate of nature vs. nurture. Some psychologists believe that we be who we are as a result of how we are biological systemally encoded. This encod ing is what grants us our intellect and cognitive process abilities. Those that believe in the nurture concept believe that our cognitive abilities are influenced by our interaction with the environment and people. The middle ground of this argument is that epigenetics is responsible in that both biology and environment play check and vital roles in cognitive development. ... This is the breaker point in which infants begin. The learning that takes place here is based extremely on the assimilation through motor functions, which develops from reflexes to intentional movements. The second stage is the preoperational stage. This is where a child begins to galvanise processing and interpreting things such as shapes in the environment in a rudimentary manner. Children are able to form stable cognitions and this is often when they come up with the ideas of imaginary play. They are still otiose to do many operational tasks and often remain egocentric. The third stage is the concrete operations stage, which usually takes place between seven and eleven years of age. Children are now able to use logic to solve problems, however this is only limited to concrete problems as they have problems with abstract thinking, The last stage is the formal operations stage and this progresses all the way into adulthood. Here, individuals have a full range of psychical abilities and are capable of solving problems through deductive reasoning and hypothetical testing (Sigelman, & Rider, 2008). Jerome Bruner was also sympathetic to Piaget in the fact that he felt that children had to interact with the environment in order to learn, however he placed a greater emphasis on social factors, which he believed were largely responsible for intellectual growth through scaffolding. Rather than in Piagets stages in which different thinking emerges, Bruner thought that at certain ages, children used different types of cognition. The first mode is the enactive mode, and like Piaget, he bel ieves that the majority of learning, which occurs during this stage, is due to ponderosity movement and coordination. The infants learn by doing. The second mode is