Crusades1 The Crusades After the destruction of Charlemagne, king of the Franks, in 814 and the following befall of his empire, Christian Europe was under attack and on the defensive. The Magyars, nomadic people from Asia, ravaged eastern and central Europe until the one-tenth century. Around 800, several centuries of Viking raids disrupted life in north Europe and even little terrorened Mediterranean cities. Nevertheless, the greatest menace came from the forces of Islam, very militant and victorious in the centuries following the conclusion of their leader, Muhammad, in 632.
By the eighth century Islamic forces had conquered nerve centre Africa, the eastern shores of the Mediterranean, and most of Spain. Islamic armies established bases in Italy, greatly reduced the size of the Byzantine Empire, and besieged the capital, Constantinople. In the eleventh century the balance of power began to swing toward the West. For the first snip in many years, the popes were able to effectively unite European popula...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website:
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